The two lower chambers are called the ventricles. The two upper chambers are called the atria. To understand congenital heart defects, it may be helpful to know how the heart typically works. The heart valves, which keep blood flowing in the right direction, are gates at the chamber openings. The lower chambers, the more muscular right and left ventricles, pump blood out of the heart. The upper chambers, the right and left atria, receive incoming blood. Rapid or irregular heartbeat, also called an arrhythmiaĪ typical heart has two upper and two lower chambers.The symptoms may be due to complications such as heart valve problems, high blood pressure in the lungs or heart failure. Symptoms of a partial atrioventricular canal defect may not appear until early adulthood. The condition affects only the two upper heart chambers. Difficulty breathing or rapid breathing.Blue or gray skin color due to low oxygen levels.Symptoms are generally similar to those of heart failure. Symptoms of a complete atrioventricular canal defect usually develop in the first weeks of life. The condition affects all of the heart's chambers. Symptoms depend on whether the defect is partial or complete. In both types, extra blood flows into the lungs. Atrioventricular canal defect can involve only the two upper chambers of the heart or all four chambers.
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